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علمی- پژوهشی
Literary theories
Ebrahim Eghbali; Abasalt AhmadiDizaj; Mohammad Khakpour; Mohammad reza Abedi
Abstract
Enthusiasts of Iranian culture and literature Subcontinental countries, etc. have always been in search of literary inspiration and a correct understanding of Persian Texts, they have been diligent in understanding them, and from their own and others' point of view, they have described works such ...
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Enthusiasts of Iranian culture and literature Subcontinental countries, etc. have always been in search of literary inspiration and a correct understanding of Persian Texts, they have been diligent in understanding them, and from their own and others' point of view, they have described works such as Ganjavi's Nezami Sharafnameh have been paid. In this article, the authors have emphasized the use of words, written morphology and grammar in the manuscripts of Ganjavi's Nezami Sharafnameh, using a library method. They describe them according to their linguistic and stylistic features. The results of this study, after briefly introducing the manuscripts of Sharafnameh's commentaries as scientific-literary texts, show that all the commentators have a good command of the Persian language in view of their geographical area, the Indian subcontinent, and explain the meanings and concepts in simple, comprehensible words and sentences. , explicit, clear and consistent with the standard language of India and even Iran at that time, they have directly transmitted. While writing in a simple way, they used Arabic and native words or the terms of literary techniques and...and avoided exaggeration and the use of synonyms In addition, in the written explanations, grammatical coordinates such as extra descriptive syntactic combinations, Arabic combinations and...are used and the prose has removed them from uniformity, so the style In terms of vocabulary and morphology, in the components of selection, invention and ...they are more in line with the features of Ghaznavid and Seljuk period (intermediate) prose, which indicates that their prose is scientific.
علمی- پژوهشی
Contemporary Poetry of Iran
Mahsa AmjadiTanouraghaj; Ebrahim Eqbali
Abstract
This paper gives an insight to aesthetics from the viewpoint of conceptual metaphor theory to analyze the aesthetics in the poetry of Sohrab Sepehri. With regard to Ullmann’s hierarchy of senses some of cognitive science researchers have considered aesthetics as a type of conceptual metaphors; ...
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This paper gives an insight to aesthetics from the viewpoint of conceptual metaphor theory to analyze the aesthetics in the poetry of Sohrab Sepehri. With regard to Ullmann’s hierarchy of senses some of cognitive science researchers have considered aesthetics as a type of conceptual metaphors; like in a conceptual metaphor, where a concrete conceptual domain is mapped to an abstract one in order to clarify and enrich it, in aesthetics, elements regarding weaker senses are mapped to the domain of stronger senses to give a richer understanding of concepts.
This paper tries to review frequent aesthetic constructs in Sepehri’s poetry with an analytical method to show the embodiment implied in his apparently abstract work. Investigating multiple poems of Sepehri show that almost all of his aesthetic constructs are instances of conceptual metaphors. In other words, all his aesthetic constructs give embodiments of abstract concepts and thus, his poetry is genuinely embodied and earthly, despite its abstract appearance.
علمی- پژوهشی
Sufism and Mysticism
Rahman Moshtaqhmehr; mahnaz nezamianbaran
Abstract
In addition to the existence of a considerable number of quatrains of previous poets among the quatrains attributed to Rumi, there are also quatrains in his Diwan that Rumi paid attention to and took inspiration from the quatrains of them. Sometimes he quoted a verse or stanza from others quatrains and ...
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In addition to the existence of a considerable number of quatrains of previous poets among the quatrains attributed to Rumi, there are also quatrains in his Diwan that Rumi paid attention to and took inspiration from the quatrains of them. Sometimes he quoted a verse or stanza from others quatrains and in many cases he followed the structure of the quatrains of his predecessors. In this research, by examining and comparing the quatrains of Rumi with the existing and available quatrains of previous poets, the sources of inspiration and influence of Rumi from the quatrains of the previous poets were determined to some extent. In contemporary literary criticism, in the context of the relationship of one text with other texts, this category of Molana's quatrains in Genet's theory of intertextuality is placed in two areas of non-explicit and implicit intertextuality and is adaptable with it. Rumi has been inspired by many previous poets in his quatrains, but the main sources of his inspiration in his quatrains belong to poets such as Sanai, Ohaduddin Kermani, Attar and Khayyam Neishaburi.
علمی- پژوهشی
Sufism and Mysticism
اسداله Vahed; Hadi Sadeghi; Mohammad Mahdipour; Ebrahim Ranjbar
Abstract
«احمد یسوی» یکی از مشایخ مشهور و تأثیرگذار در خطّۀ ترکستان در قرن ششم بوده است. حرکت صوفیانه و سلوک عرفانی وی به نام «یسویّه» در جهان اسلام شهرت یافته است که ...
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«احمد یسوی» یکی از مشایخ مشهور و تأثیرگذار در خطّۀ ترکستان در قرن ششم بوده است. حرکت صوفیانه و سلوک عرفانی وی به نام «یسویّه» در جهان اسلام شهرت یافته است که در اسلامی شدن آناتولی نقش مهمی ایفا کرده‌است و با فراز و نشیب‌هایی در آسیای صغیر حیات داشته است. یسویّه به عنوان اولین طریقتی تلقّی می‌شود که در میان ترکان پدید آمد؛ این جریان دینی ابتدا در شهر «یسی» یا «ترکستان» پدیدآمد و سپس آوازۀ آن کل ماوراءالنّهر را درنوردید و در آسیای صغیر نیز گسترش یافت. اهمّیّت اصلی طریقت یسویّه از این منظر است که توانست متناسب با سطح اندیشه، زبان و فرهنگِ ترکمانان، از ترکستان تا آناتولی، عقاید عرفانی و آداب و اصول صوفیانه‌شان را اشاعه و تبلیغ کند و با استفاده از اشعار عامیانۀ آهنگینی که ریشه در روح ملّی و آداب آن قوم داشت، روح بسیط و بی‌آلایش آن‌ها را مجذوب اسلام و تصوّف کند و در نهایت فرهنگ و اجتماع آسیای صغیر را آمادۀ ورود و پذیرش آرای فرقه‌های مختلفی که اغلب آن‌ها اصل خراسانی داشت، گرداند. با توجه به این‌که تاکنون تحقیقی در مورد نقد و بررسی آراء و آدابِ یسویّه و گسترش این طریقت در آسیای صغیر صورت نپذیرفته‌است. نگارندگان این پژوهش برآنند که با استناد به آثار مکتوب و منسوبِ شخصِ احمد یسوی، به شرح و تفسیر عقاید صوفیانه و آداب طریقت یسویّه و تطبیق آن‌ها با تصوّف خراسان بپردازند تا از این طریق ماهیّت عرفانی و تأثیر فرهنگی و فکری این طریقت در آسیای صغیر آشکار و مشخّص شود.
علمی- پژوهشی
Contemporary Poetry of Iran
Abbas Baghinejad
Abstract
The season of autumn and all of its elements and phenomenon is one of the vital subjects of nursery rhyme. In this article, the child poets approach and their inspiration in observing the visual attractions, natural and biological capabilities of autumn are pointed out; also the way of using the symbols ...
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The season of autumn and all of its elements and phenomenon is one of the vital subjects of nursery rhyme. In this article, the child poets approach and their inspiration in observing the visual attractions, natural and biological capabilities of autumn are pointed out; also the way of using the symbols and legends of autumn is discussed and explained. The results of the research show that some of the autumnal themed poetry that were created in the field of children’s poetry, were affective in creating an emotional-artistic connection; also at introducing the reader to the changes that are happening to the outside world with the arrival of the season. Based on the referred samples of the autumnal poems of nursery rhyme, can be broken down in four different approach categories: the classic, the cognitive, the pictorail and the general approach; and each one of these approaches have their own specific and special natures. The result of the ideology is the general and expressive style that the child poets are benefiting from it.
علمی- پژوهشی
Persian Rhetoric and Grammar
Fateme Hejri; Amir Momeni
Abstract
Investigation and review of briefness in Persian rhetorical texts
Abstract
Briefness is one of the important topics in the knowledge of meanings and it has two types; shortness briefness and omission briefness. This discussion has not been elaborated and explained in the rhetorical texts as it should ...
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Investigation and review of briefness in Persian rhetorical texts
Abstract
Briefness is one of the important topics in the knowledge of meanings and it has two types; shortness briefness and omission briefness. This discussion has not been elaborated and explained in the rhetorical texts as it should be. and a clear theoretical framework has not presented to the reader to understand its meaning. The reasons for this is the lack of accuracy of the examples, Interference of examples of atnaab in brevity, misunderstanding of the concept of "brevity of sentence, the limited and repetitive nature of the examples, the exaggeration and the inappropriate multiplicity of the titles, and Arabicization and in humanism. In addition to that, the discussion of deletion and omission is also mentioned in the topic of declarative sentence (remove Musnadalia, Musnad or subject). However, there is no mention of its relationship with the briefness of omission. The most important of these shortcomings is not being careful in presenting the examples, which is mostly the result of the interference of examples of both types of brevity, not considering all cases of omission or shortening.More fundamentally, rhetoricians have included every short sentence in the category of brevity, while the two main conditions for including short sentences in the category of brevity are the inclusion of many meanings in a few words and the presence of different and complementary meanings in numerous and consecutive short sentences. Therefore, it is necessary to explain and compile these dispersions, In the present article,
علمی- پژوهشی
Sufism and Mysticism
mohsen pourmokhtar
Abstract
In the collection of seventy verses that have remained from Shah b. Shoja Kermani, twelve verses are attributed to other Sufis. Eight quotations in the name of Dhu 'l-Nun al-Misri, one quotation in the name of Abu Yazid al-Bastami, two quotations in the name of Abu 'Uthman al-Hri, and one quotation ...
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In the collection of seventy verses that have remained from Shah b. Shoja Kermani, twelve verses are attributed to other Sufis. Eight quotations in the name of Dhu 'l-Nun al-Misri, one quotation in the name of Abu Yazid al-Bastami, two quotations in the name of Abu 'Uthman al-Hri, and one quotation in the name of Abu Sa'id-i Abu al-Hayr. In this article, the attribution of the main author is discussed and it is argued that it is preferable to attribute these words to Shah Kermani based on the following arguments: A. a special reputation is attributed to the narrators of Shah Kermani’s words. The first narrator is Abu Abd al-Rahman Sulami Nishabouri. He narrated the words of Shah through two prominent students of Abu Othman Heiri. Heiri himself was a student of the Shah and wrote his words in a special notebook. Sirjani, the second narrator, is recognized not only as one of the great Sheikhs of Sufism and the author of the significant book “Al-Bayad” but also as a compatriot of the Shah and one of his earnest admirers. B. Shah Shuja Kermani's writing style is distinguished by a particular feature, namely the inclusion of three specific sayings in his works, which are referred to as triple sayings. These words were probably authored by Shah Kermani himself. C. Per the rule of “attribution to the most famous ”, it is expected that the words of Shah Kermani would be attributed to Sufis who are more renowned than him.
علمی- پژوهشی
Fiction Literature
mahnaz abhari; manijeh falahi; ali eskandari
Abstract
The novel includes the events of many eventful periods of Iran's contemporary history, which are reported with the focus of Tuba's life. The events of the novel take place in the context of political developments from the threshold of the constitutional movement to the last decades of Pahlavi ...
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The novel includes the events of many eventful periods of Iran's contemporary history, which are reported with the focus of Tuba's life. The events of the novel take place in the context of political developments from the threshold of the constitutional movement to the last decades of Pahlavi II's rule and the height of
violent struggles. During it, Parsipour depicts the life of several generations, centered on the life of Tuba. From this perspective, the novel Tuba and the meaning of the night is the story of the life and inner conflicts of the Iranian man, who, in addition to living in the context of political and social conflicts, is involved in the turmoil and psychological conflicts arising from the wave of modernity within himself. Study method: This article has been prepared in an analytical-descriptive method, using library resources and using scientifically valid sources. Findings: The findings of the research confirm that the confrontation between tradition and modernity has been going on from the threshold of constitutionalism to the occurrence of the revolution in various fields of Iranian society. In addition to politics and governance, this confrontation has transformed family and social relations. Conclusion: The results of this research show that at any point in time from the constitutional era to this point, on the one hand, we can witness the progress of modernity in the individual, social, and political spheres, and on the other hand, the resistance of traditional standards and standards against the relentless wave of modernity.
علمی- پژوهشی
Sufism and Mysticism
amir hossein hemati
Abstract
The fifth century, within the historical course of the formation and evolution of Sufism, is one of the golden eras of this ideology and profession, in terms of growth and development. Different epochs of this century have actually witnessed the existence and emergence of many great figures and the appearance ...
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The fifth century, within the historical course of the formation and evolution of Sufism, is one of the golden eras of this ideology and profession, in terms of growth and development. Different epochs of this century have actually witnessed the existence and emergence of many great figures and the appearance and perfection of famous scholars. The study of the surviving authorities of the great scholars of this century reveals that there have been relations of a kind of mastery and discipleship as well as friendship and companionship and sincere familial ties among a large number of them, regardless of simultaneity of time and place. Two of the most famous Sheikhs and the most well-known scholars of this century are Abolghasem Qoshairi and Abu Sa'id Abul Khair, although some researchers have denied the relationship of these two Sheikhs with each other, and have tried to consider any relevant existing historical documents as fake. The present study seeks to clarify the relationship of these two Sheikhs based on the existing ancient documents, and through citing what confirms the authenticity of such documents. The second general purpose of this research is to demonstrate the historical route and the gradual evolution of writing technology in Persian. The third aim is to prove that lack of mentioning the names of some scholars of different ages in a number of classic books or in other sources of Sufism, cannot rule out the absence of relationship among them.
