علمی- پژوهشی
. Epicical and Mythical Literature
Abbas Azarandaz; Masoumeh Bagheri Hassankiadeh
Abstract
The "eloquence" of mythical and epic characters has a long history in Iranian literature. Ferdowsi has introduced many characters of Shahnameh as "speaker", "eloquent", "smooth-tongued", and "sweet-mouthed" and praised them with these epithets. Some literary terms such as "Sokhan Shirin" and "Zaban Shiva" ...
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The "eloquence" of mythical and epic characters has a long history in Iranian literature. Ferdowsi has introduced many characters of Shahnameh as "speaker", "eloquent", "smooth-tongued", and "sweet-mouthed" and praised them with these epithets. Some literary terms such as "Sokhan Shirin" and "Zaban Shiva" have been used in Avesta, Pahlavi texts, and have been continued in Persian, and some, such as viiāxana "eloquent", the epithet of Mitra in Mehr Yash, has not been continued but were used as an obsolete form of Gyāxan in Rudaki's poetry, and some Persian lexicons, such as Asadī’s Loḡat-e fors, in spite of this, it has continued as a heroic epithet in epic texts among native and foreign heroes. This article examines the semantic range of "Eloquence" that is a common quality of Mithra, the prophet Zarathustra, heroes such as Garshasb, Sam, Rostam and Giv, and even Turanian heroes in Iranian texts from Gahan to Shahnameh.
علمی- پژوهشی
Literary theories
behdad beyranvand; Jamileh Akhyani; Amir Momeni Hezaveh
Abstract
"Other" is a concept related to individual identity, and individual identity only makes sense when it is weighed against others. The concept of the "other" is the result of the epistemology and ontology of modern man, which has a different life and experience from that of ancient man. This concept entered ...
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"Other" is a concept related to individual identity, and individual identity only makes sense when it is weighed against others. The concept of the "other" is the result of the epistemology and ontology of modern man, which has a different life and experience from that of ancient man. This concept entered literature with the theory of the logic of Bakhtin's dialogue and opened a new window to literary works. One type of literature in which this concept can be explored and has not yet been considered is the "parable", which leads to the omission of the "other" due to the lack of dialogue. Proverbs have been widely used as a linguistic feature and literary genre in the works of Persian writers; but there are those whose words have become proverbs. Sadi is one of these writers. By accurately recognizing the specific capacities of the parable, he presents many of his words as parables and in this way conveys his views to others. In the present study, while analyzing The Proverb structure, its features are related to the elimination of "other" such as: "using proximity magic", "addressing", "warning", "using the names of famous people", "using humor", and ... Sadi's method of use of this type of literature is examined in order to eliminate the "other" and induce speech artistically to others in Golestan and Bustan.
علمی- پژوهشی
Contemporary Poetry of Iran
Abbas Baghinejad
Abstract
Postmodernism after the appearenc and transformation of Western literature has attracted the attention of some contemporary Persian writers and poets. Shams Langroudi is one of these poets. After various linguistic experiences before and after the revolution, Langroudi embarked on a constructivist and ...
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Postmodernism after the appearenc and transformation of Western literature has attracted the attention of some contemporary Persian writers and poets. Shams Langroudi is one of these poets. After various linguistic experiences before and after the revolution, Langroudi embarked on a constructivist and normative language.Influenced by this approach, some co-ordinates appeared in Langroudi's poetry, which resembled the co-ordinates and components of postmodernism. In this essay, features of Langroudi's poetry, which relate to the components of postmodernism and somehow reflect this poet's tendency to postmodernism, have been analyzed and analyzed. One of these components is the "uncertainty" and emphasis on the relative components of the theological elements that Langroudi has used to deconstruct, heterogeneous, and semantic rupture; the other is the "paradox". It has been used as a metaphor for doubt and multiplicity of meaning in Langroodi's poetry; "inconsistency" is another component of postmodernism used in Langroudi's word to create wonder and wonder in the reader and to make him a subjective exploration and challenge. It is taken from other components of postmodernism that appeared in Langroudi's poetry, "suspension."Suspension has been used as a trick to create ambiguity by delaying the transmission of the message and discovering the definitive meaning of the word.
علمی- پژوهشی
History of literature of Iran
hasan jahandar
Abstract
Atamalek Joveini, the author of the history of Jahangoshaye Joveini, has used the poetry of others in writing his book. The recording of many of these poems differs from what is stated in the original sources. In this study, we have studied one of the causes of these differences, which is the intentional ...
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Atamalek Joveini, the author of the history of Jahangoshaye Joveini, has used the poetry of others in writing his book. The recording of many of these poems differs from what is stated in the original sources. In this study, we have studied one of the causes of these differences, which is the intentional manipulation and change of the author. And by examining the examples, we have shown thatThis author has sometimes consciously made changes in the poems of others in order to create more harmony between poetry and prose, in accordance with the theme of the word Of course, this is just one of the reasons and so on to other factors Including the difference between Manuscripts and Possibility of memory error and taste manipulation There is also a brief explanation.Atamalek Joveini, the author of the history of Jahangoshaye Joveini, has used the poetry of others in writing his book. The recording of many of these poems differs from what is stated in the original sources
علمی- پژوهشی
Literary theories
fazlollah khodadadi
Abstract
Contemplation on the narratives of the military secret reservoir shows that the whole structure of this work is a discourse consisting of twenty articles on various topics. .Paid. From the point of view of sign-semantics, what seems important in this discourse is the method of arrangement and semantic ...
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Contemplation on the narratives of the military secret reservoir shows that the whole structure of this work is a discourse consisting of twenty articles on various topics. .Paid. From the point of view of sign-semantics, what seems important in this discourse is the method of arrangement and semantic development of the poet's words, because in each article he starts from generalities and gradually - especially in the final verses of each article - moves his speech towards the artist. Which then brings an anecdote related to the subject and meaning of the discourse of the article, and in doing so, in addition to giving new meaning to the discourse, provides a platform for the expansion and proof of the meaning of the discourse. The purpose of this study is to analyze the process of expansion and proof of meaning in the discourse of the repository of secrets, so the author has used the theory of "semantic methodology" by Vincent Zhou (1997) to prove the claims and also to scientifize the results. The results of the present study, which are provided in a descriptive-analytical manner, show that in the article, the system in the repository of secrets first brings general information in a discourse with a specific space, then by limiting the scope of speech, connects its speech to an anecdote. A fictional character confirms and expands the meaning and content of the discourse in that article.
علمی- پژوهشی
History of literature of Iran
mahdi rahimpoor
Abstract
AbstractThe first possible work in Persian in AnatoliaAfter the establishment of the Seljuks in Anatolia, the Persian language flourished there and caused many works in Persian to be written in that land. Much research has been done on what work was first written in Persian in Anatolia, and Iranian and ...
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AbstractThe first possible work in Persian in AnatoliaAfter the establishment of the Seljuks in Anatolia, the Persian language flourished there and caused many works in Persian to be written in that land. Much research has been done on what work was first written in Persian in Anatolia, and Iranian and Turkish scholars have written articles in this field. Earlier, Habish Ibn Ibrahim of Tefilissi (d. 559 or 579 A.D.) was considered the first Persian writer of the Roman Empire to have written several works in Persian of that land. But in recent years, another treatise entitled "Keshf’ al Aqaba" has been included in a collection of treatises written in the eighth century. The date of writing of this work is estimated to be late 5th century, which is very interesting to consider and if this hypothesis is proven, the date of writing of the first work in Persian in Anatolia goes back more than half a century and in terms of history of Persian language and literature in Anatolia It is important. In this article, while briefly introducing the treatise, there are indications that this work can be accepted as the first possible work in Rome.
علمی- پژوهشی
Sufism and Mysticism
Parvin Golizadeh; manouchehr joukar; Zeinab Rahmati
Abstract
Discussing the “extraordinary” element in a system in which the place of elements is determined according to their relation to the overall design of the narrative is an appropriate way of analyzing magical realism and those mystical narratives consisting of extraordinary events. In order ...
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Discussing the “extraordinary” element in a system in which the place of elements is determined according to their relation to the overall design of the narrative is an appropriate way of analyzing magical realism and those mystical narratives consisting of extraordinary events. In order to display the existent correlation between the magical deep structure and the plot of these literary productions, the narrative structure of these mystical texts: Asrārottowhid, Resāle - ye Qoshayriye, Kashfol- Mahjūb, Mersādol-’ebād, Mesbāhol- Hedāye and Meftāhol- Kefāye and these fictions including One Hundred Years of Solitude, Metamorphosis, The Handsomest Drowned Man in the World, A Very Old Man with Enormous Wings and Aura is investigated with an eye to Claude Bremond’s model so that we can extract the main sequences in these works and we can specify the structural similarities and dissimilarities in these works’ main sequence according to the combination of “realistic” and “extraordinary” functions in a sequence. The obtained results indicate that there are similarities in the structure of the main sequence and their utilization of “realistic” and “extraordinary” sequences. The shared structures in the analyzed works are: “the linear structure without excluding the main constituents”, “the exclusion of initial state of equilibrium and the commencement with a crisis”, and “the nonlinear structure”. The shared combinations of main sequences in terms of the inclusion of realistic or extraordinary tasks are depicted as “exclusionary-extraordinary-realistic”, “exclusionary-extraordinary-extraordinary” and “extraordinary-extraordinary-extraordinary”.
علمی- پژوهشی
Persian Rhetoric and Grammar
Mohammad Ali Mousazadeh; mohamad Tahery khosroshahi
Abstract
According to historical and cultural evidence, the Caucasus has historical commonalities and long-standing cultural ties with Iran and its people. One of these common areas that have created many bilateral effects on the cultural and historical relations between Iranians and the Caucasus nation, is literary ...
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According to historical and cultural evidence, the Caucasus has historical commonalities and long-standing cultural ties with Iran and its people. One of these common areas that have created many bilateral effects on the cultural and historical relations between Iranians and the Caucasus nation, is literary issues and the field of poetic origins and research related to language and literature. Critical studies of the works of writers such as Nezami Ganjavi, Khaghani Shervani, Mujir Belqani, Vale Daghestani, etc. show that the poetic language of these speakers cannot begin with these poets and reach the peak of maturity in their speech. Undoubtedly, there has been a tradition and a history, and hundreds of thousands of artists and virtuous people have been involved in artistic creation before, so that great people such as Khaghani, Nezami, and Mujir could emerge from among them. In this regard, one of the most important branches of the Persian language and literature in the Caucasus is the writing of Persian grammar books and dictionaries. An in-depth look at the historical course of the authorship of these books shows that the pioneers of compiling books on dictionaries and Persian grammar were the Caucasians. The region of the Caucasus plays a very important role in the history of compiling grammar books. This region was either the motherland of the authors or the host of the non-native authors who settled in that area..
علمی- پژوهشی
. Epicical and Mythical Literature
Changiz Mowlaee
Abstract
Among fine Persian works, the theme of any work is not as closely related to the subject of "Iranian nationality" and "Iranians national identity" as Ferdowsi's Shahnameh. Elements and national symbols such as "land" with specific geographical boundaries (whether mythical or real), customs and traditions, ...
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Among fine Persian works, the theme of any work is not as closely related to the subject of "Iranian nationality" and "Iranians national identity" as Ferdowsi's Shahnameh. Elements and national symbols such as "land" with specific geographical boundaries (whether mythical or real), customs and traditions, history, common national language and finally the position of people, religion and government, have been reflected everywhere in this great and unique poem. In this regard, Shahnameh has rightly been considered as the "document of national identity of Iranians". But to what extent the survival of the "Iranian nation" may owe much to the sage of Tus and his Shahnameh is a question that, although difficult to answer in the first place, seems to be possible to provide a suitable answer to it with a brief review of the development of the phenomena that led to the formation of "Iranian nation" in the ancient world and consequently, the compilation and arrangement of legends and narratives recounted through the legendry history of Iran about the formation of the nation and various cultural manifestations of the Iranian nation.
علمی- پژوهشی
Literary theories
Assadollah Vahed; mohamad ali karamfar
Abstract
The Safavid era is one of the most important periods in the history of Persian language and literature, and valuable works of poets and cultural geography literature of this period have been remembered. The cultural sphere of the Indian subcontinent and Central Asia was more important in this era, and ...
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The Safavid era is one of the most important periods in the history of Persian language and literature, and valuable works of poets and cultural geography literature of this period have been remembered. The cultural sphere of the Indian subcontinent and Central Asia was more important in this era, and the contribution of Indian scholars in the field of vocabulary, criticism and linguistics was sometimes greater than that of Iranian writers. One of the most prominent literary figures of the subcontinent, Siraj-ud-Din Ali Khan Arzoust, who has rendered valuable services to Persian literature by composing more than twenty works. Fruitful is one of his valuable works. In this book, Arezoo talks about linguistic issues, phonological processes of exchange, heart, decrease and increase of phonology, and Iranian acquisitions in Arabic and Hindi words. In writing this work, he has commented on the book of Al-Muzahar Suyuti. Arezoo is one of the pioneers in the field of linguistics and one of the first to realize the harmony between Persian and Hindi. This work is a chapter on the compatibility and agreement of Persian and Arabic, Persian and Hindi and Tafris, and the compatibility of Persian and Hindi words has been studied from various angles, and in addition, throughout this work, several words are used according to the issues raised. In this article, the authors intend to provide the audience with a perspective on the mechanisms of Persian and Hindi language by presenting evidence to the audience.
