Sufism and Mysticism
amir hossein hemati
Abstract
The fifth century, within the historical course of the formation and evolution of Sufism, is one of the golden eras of this ideology and profession, in terms of growth and development. Different epochs of this century have actually witnessed the existence and emergence of many great figures and the appearance ...
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The fifth century, within the historical course of the formation and evolution of Sufism, is one of the golden eras of this ideology and profession, in terms of growth and development. Different epochs of this century have actually witnessed the existence and emergence of many great figures and the appearance and perfection of famous scholars. The study of the surviving authorities of the great scholars of this century reveals that there have been relations of a kind of mastery and discipleship as well as friendship and companionship and sincere familial ties among a large number of them, regardless of simultaneity of time and place. Two of the most famous Sheikhs and the most well-known scholars of this century are Abolghasem Qoshairi and Abu Sa'id Abul Khair, although some researchers have denied the relationship of these two Sheikhs with each other, and have tried to consider any relevant existing historical documents as fake. The present study seeks to clarify the relationship of these two Sheikhs based on the existing ancient documents, and through citing what confirms the authenticity of such documents. The second general purpose of this research is to demonstrate the historical route and the gradual evolution of writing technology in Persian. The third aim is to prove that lack of mentioning the names of some scholars of different ages in a number of classic books or in other sources of Sufism, cannot rule out the absence of relationship among them.
Persian Rhetoric and Grammar
Mohammad Hasan Jalalian Chaleshtari
Abstract
Shahnameh isone of the most detailed works of the first centuries of the officialization and spread of Dari Persian after Islam. This precious treasure contains authentic and reliable evidence of the Persian language elements of this period and contains many keys in solving the unknown issues of the ...
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Shahnameh isone of the most detailed works of the first centuries of the officialization and spread of Dari Persian after Islam. This precious treasure contains authentic and reliable evidence of the Persian language elements of this period and contains many keys in solving the unknown issues of the mother of Dari Persian language, i.e. Middle Persian. Conversely, due to the antiquity of its language, there are points in this work that cannot be known except through the knowledge of Middle Persian and other Middle and Old Iranian Languages. In this article, three words "šād", "may" and "pašēmān šudan" are discussed in Shahnameh and using the internal evidence of this work as well as some evidence of other Persian texts as well as evidence from ancient languages, different meanings for the first two words and a lesser-known construction for a specific structure of the third one is presented in Dari Persian. The suggested meaning for "šād" is "rich and wealthy". The word "may" is considered to be the original Persian form of "maγāk" and "pašēmān šudan" is considered as an impersonal verb.
Literary theories
Mohamamd MOHAMMADI-AGHDASH; Behnam Moharamzadeh
Abstract
تحلیل گفتمان انتقادی شاخهای جدید و بین رشتهای در علوم انسانی و بالاخص در حوزه نقد زبانشناختی است که در سالهای اخیر توسعه بیشتری پیدا کرده و در تحلیل مسائل مختلف ...
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تحلیل گفتمان انتقادی شاخهای جدید و بین رشتهای در علوم انسانی و بالاخص در حوزه نقد زبانشناختی است که در سالهای اخیر توسعه بیشتری پیدا کرده و در تحلیل مسائل مختلف سیاسی- اجتماعی و البته متون ادبی خودنمایی میکند. نورمن فرکلاف نظریه پرداز و بنیانگذار این جریان فلسفی-زبانشناختی در اواخر قرن بیستم میلادی با دریافت و گذر از نظریات نشانهشناسی، تأویلگرایی گادامر، دیرینهشناسی میشل فوکو و با رد آراء صرفا اقتصادگرایانهی نئوکمونیستها و با نگاهی به پساساختارگرایی دریدایی توانست مفهوم گفتمان قدرت و مردم را از طریق ساختهای ایدئولوژیک به دستآمده از صورتهای زبانی تازگی ببخشد.مقالهی حاضر میکوشد با رویکردی تطبیقی، مفهوم کلیدی و کلان مدرنیته را در بافت موقعیتی رمانهای مدیر مدرسه از جلال آل احمد و سفر به انتهای شبِ لویی-فردینان سِلین فرانسوی، که اصطلاح مدرنیته به عنوان گفتمان قدرت در رمانهای نیمه اتوبیوگرافیک (خود زندگینامه) مذکور در تضاد با گفتمان رسمی قهرمانهای داستان است، بر اساس رویکرد نظری نورمن فرکلاف تحلیل و بررسی کند. باید گفت که آل احمد در مدیر مدرسه قصد انتقاد از عواقب جامعهای را دارد که غربزده شده و به تقلید از مدرنیتهی غربی اخلاق، معنویات و فرهنگ سنتی را به فراموشی سپردهاست. سِلین نیز در سفر به انتهای شب با دنیای پست مدرن غرب و گفتمان مدرنیته که در جایگاه گفتمان قدرت قرار دارد، رسم و رسوم جاری بین افراد جامعه را، که تحت تاثیر پدیدهی مدرنیزاسیون دولتی و ظهور بیش از پیش ماشینهای صنعتی هویت انسانی خود را باختهاند، در قالب جملات قصار و لحن عامیانه به دیدهی تحقیر مینگرد.
History of literature of Iran
mahdi rahimpoor
Abstract
AbstractThe first possible work in Persian in AnatoliaAfter the establishment of the Seljuks in Anatolia, the Persian language flourished there and caused many works in Persian to be written in that land. Much research has been done on what work was first written in Persian in Anatolia, and Iranian and ...
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AbstractThe first possible work in Persian in AnatoliaAfter the establishment of the Seljuks in Anatolia, the Persian language flourished there and caused many works in Persian to be written in that land. Much research has been done on what work was first written in Persian in Anatolia, and Iranian and Turkish scholars have written articles in this field. Earlier, Habish Ibn Ibrahim of Tefilissi (d. 559 or 579 A.D.) was considered the first Persian writer of the Roman Empire to have written several works in Persian of that land. But in recent years, another treatise entitled "Keshf’ al Aqaba" has been included in a collection of treatises written in the eighth century. The date of writing of this work is estimated to be late 5th century, which is very interesting to consider and if this hypothesis is proven, the date of writing of the first work in Persian in Anatolia goes back more than half a century and in terms of history of Persian language and literature in Anatolia It is important. In this article, while briefly introducing the treatise, there are indications that this work can be accepted as the first possible work in Rome.
Sufism and Mysticism
Mohammad Ebrahimpur Namin
Abstract
One of the types of writings in Sufi literature is collections collected in recording and quoting the sayings of Sufi elders and elders؛ Works that in a general sense are called Sufi memoirs. This group of works is generally derived from a common tradition in most of the almost all religions and sects ...
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One of the types of writings in Sufi literature is collections collected in recording and quoting the sayings of Sufi elders and elders؛ Works that in a general sense are called Sufi memoirs. This group of works is generally derived from a common tradition in most of the almost all religions and sects that the lives of saints and saints, especially after their death, are not limited to the objectivity and historical reality of their lives, but more intertwined and covered with multiple layers of myth. A tradition of all kinds in its broadest sense can be interpreted as Hagiography. This heritage of Sufism as a type / genre has been mentioned in old and new sources with expressions such as circumstances or situations / Tazkereh / Sira or Sirat or Sirtnameh or Sir / Maqamat and Manaqbeh or Manaqbehnameh / Walinameh / Ulyanameh. The present study is a critique of the genre and examines the historical perspective of the developments of this type of Sufi writings, which shows how the genre originated from the legacy of the early ascetics and at the peak of its development leads to the specific scriptures of the elders.
