Mir Jalil Akrami; Majid Vahedpour
Volume 69, Issue 233 , January 0, Pages 1-26
Abstract
The sonnet from the sixth century have a significant, serious and formal, functional and presence in the Persian literature, and cone in the form of dominant means of artistic creation by the major poets. Such kind poems although, has a language quality and special meaning which making that more distinctive ...
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The sonnet from the sixth century have a significant, serious and formal, functional and presence in the Persian literature, and cone in the form of dominant means of artistic creation by the major poets. Such kind poems although, has a language quality and special meaning which making that more distinctive and recognized from the other kinds of poems, so it couldn’t keep itself away from the other language elements effect of the previous period – that mainly are imagerable elements -. Some of these elements in its natural movement are moved from a period to another.Of course, the attitude and poets mental aspect (field) and cultural geography that is grow up, changes how to using of these elements. Among the different elements of language , we can speak of bureaucratic elements. These elements whether in the language field or in the meaning field ,when keep on their function, cause of creating images that are no longer possible. The problem related to the to court when are used in the Persian odes, hardly could departure of its surface meaning and often are used in the lexican meaning. These are attributable to the extroversion and poems emotional aspects that rhetorical is in this way. Figurative meaning of such elements is more in sonnet that show itself. The expansion of figure of speech in sonnet and changing of such elements attribute to odes causes whatever helps to the lyric of literature language –bureaucratic elements , are parodies by the poets. By analyzing of Persian sonnet in the studying period (course) we get this pint that the elements related all the bureaucratics somehow keep on their live in this poetical genre. In this article among the various bureaucratic elements of court, we had analyzed the army elements, the composition bureaucratic element .bureaucratic elements, by the view of rhetorical function.
Mohammad Taheri-Khosroshahi
Volume 69, Issue 233 , January 0, Pages 27-54
Abstract
At the time of expansion of the intellectual and spiritual influence of sheikhs of Khorasan in the realm of the Islamic mysticism, the Sufi-schools expansion in Azerbaijan and the emergence of authentic figures of Sufism is obvious in the region. The first Sufis of Tabriz, in the principles, from 3rd ...
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At the time of expansion of the intellectual and spiritual influence of sheikhs of Khorasan in the realm of the Islamic mysticism, the Sufi-schools expansion in Azerbaijan and the emergence of authentic figures of Sufism is obvious in the region. The first Sufis of Tabriz, in the principles, from 3rd to 5th centuries focused mainly on the East of Sufism and were unfamiliar with the West of Sufism (the schools of Baghdad). Jovinani, as the first figure of Sufism of Azerbaijan were one of the Bayazid’ disciples who returned to Tabriz from Bastam after the Tabriz earthquake in (244 AH) and opened a way to transfer the Khorasan Sufism to the Azerbaijan. Another Sufi figure of Azerbaijan in this period is the Abu Nasr Shervani, one of the disciples of Abu Said Abyalkheyr who transferred the Mysticism of the Khorasan to Shirvan in Arran. Azerbaijan, in some period of time, was receptive of the mystics of Khorasan which could mention to the travels of Ahmed Ghazali, Yahya Bakhezri and Nizamuddin Ghori. The two narrations of the Hajviri in Kashf al-Mahjub are another reason for this claim. The sheikhs of Azerbaijan not only in the first centuries but during the development and expansion of Sufism of Tabriz (6th to 8th centuries), yet, have been interested in Khorasan. The mystical works in the Tabriz valuable collection of manuscripts namely “Safineye Tabriz” (ship of Tabriz) is evidence to this claim. The attention of Sufis of Azerbaijan to sheikhs of Khorasan could be regarded as a sign of mystical love of mysticism school of Tabriz and its intellectual features. In this article, providing the evidence from the Sufi prime literature on the relationship between the sheikhs of Azerbaijan and Khorasan, we are endeavoring to clarify the point that mysticism school of Tabriz, besides having unique features of mysticism of Azerbaijan, throughout the history of Sufism, has been connected to the mystical sources of Khorasan and has been watered.
Abdollah Tolouei Azar; Rahim koshesh; Ali Samadi
Volume 69, Issue 233 , January 0, Pages 55-69
Abstract
Using allegory as rhetoric and reasoning method is a main axis in Iranian mystical literature. This procedure starts with Sanaei's poems, ripens in Attar's poems and culminates in Molavi's poems. Studying mystical allegories from morphologic point of view, makes possible their comprehensive literary, ...
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Using allegory as rhetoric and reasoning method is a main axis in Iranian mystical literature. This procedure starts with Sanaei's poems, ripens in Attar's poems and culminates in Molavi's poems. Studying mystical allegories from morphologic point of view, makes possible their comprehensive literary, social and mystical analysis. This study opens wide horizons in analyzing, interpreting and semantics of Persian literary mystical texts, which are major indicators in Iranian literature.This article tries to present a comprehensive definition of allegory and specify deferent types of it. This definition will help to analyze Persian poems with morphologic method. In this way, evolution process of allegoric speech of Iranian mystics is being studied relying on allegoric elements and variables
Soussan Jabri; Maryam Jafari
Volume 69, Issue 233 , January 0, Pages 71-93
Abstract
This paper aims to investigate speech acts in the mystical interpretation section of KashfolAsrar va ‘OdatolAbrar. The method used in this study is John Robert Searle’s theory and his five-group classifications of speech acts and systematic survey of utterances. The analysis of data shows ...
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This paper aims to investigate speech acts in the mystical interpretation section of KashfolAsrar va ‘OdatolAbrar. The method used in this study is John Robert Searle’s theory and his five-group classifications of speech acts and systematic survey of utterances. The analysis of data shows that declarations are of highest frequency with 55% of all speech acts and the goal behind using them is to express Meibodi’s Sufi beliefs mostly expressed in the words of God and great figures of Tarighat. The second place belongs to expressives with 26% which are quoted from the tongue of God and their aim is to evoke the emotions of the reader and persuade him/her. Directives occupy the third place with 15% frequency. The lower frequency of such speech acts shows that the persuasion of the addressee and explicit propagation is not so much regarded by great Sufis and is used less. The fourth place is for commissives with 2% which guarantees God’s kindness and generosity in His words. Finally, assertives with lower than 1% of frequency express the principles of the religion from the viewpoint of God and the Quran. The analysis of these speech acts also reveals the hidden stance of Meibodi apropos the intellectual trends of his time and shows his presence in the midst of conflicts between Sharia’t and Tarighat followers and also the dispute between Sufi sects of Love and Asceticism in the Hirat of sixth century (A.H) and his critical view of such intellectual trends. At last, Meibodi’s strategy for collecting, recording and organizing a coherent mindset out of the avant-garde Sufi great figures’ ideas is revealed.
Mortaza Heidari
Volume 69, Issue 233 , January 0, Pages 95-122
Abstract
The stylistics deals with studying frequencies and repetitions; therefore, employing the statistical analyses in stylistic evaluations is very useful, Whereas the descriptive statistics cannot always explain the stylistic fluctuations, using of inferential statistics theories ...
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The stylistics deals with studying frequencies and repetitions; therefore, employing the statistical analyses in stylistic evaluations is very useful, Whereas the descriptive statistics cannot always explain the stylistic fluctuations, using of inferential statistics theories in evaluating stylistic phenomena will bear a very scientific accuracy. “Stylometry” is the term that has been coined for stylistic researches connected with computer. In present article, the author tries to evaluate the relationship between compression of angle of simile construction in Iraqi Style and frequency of literal similes from the respect of construction in the poets’ Divan of this Style in passing the time. Because of this, the author deals with inferential analysis of statistics by using the Pearson Correlation Coefficient in SPSS computerized software. These statistics come from the SPSS software out and express the correlation coefficient and significant level of relationship between variables (the compression of angle of simile and frequency of literal similes). Comprising these numbers with identified indicators for correlation coefficient and significant level, confirms the positive and direct relationship between variables. In stylistic words, i.e. to be much compressed the angle of simile in style of Iraqi style is equal to increase the frequency of literal similes that have much closed construction and this stylistic event has followed from the dominant norms of periodic style.
Akbar Shamloo; Golamreza Salemeian; Nasrin Khani
Volume 69, Issue 233 , January 0, Pages 123-139
Abstract
Binary oppositions is one of the most important issues is created based on philosophical principles that are the foundation blocks based on binary oppositions. The aim of this study is the analysis of poems of Khaghani attribute in terms of the theory of binary oppositions , binary oppositions understand ...
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Binary oppositions is one of the most important issues is created based on philosophical principles that are the foundation blocks based on binary oppositions. The aim of this study is the analysis of poems of Khaghani attribute in terms of the theory of binary oppositions , binary oppositions understand what impact it has had in shaping the content of the Khaghani’s poems? The results showed that Khaghani used from many oppositions to the morning descriptions , because however much a war between black and white scene shows. Fire descriptions have a same situation because the fire itself never does that word come to mind is its interactive elements. Travelogue’ odes as well, are place for Oppositions Creation; because the passengers are faced with many elements. but describes the, The level of conflict is minimized in the emotional issues descriptions; because the emotional issues are from Eros demands that aims to create greater unity.
Hosain Shahbazi; Sanaz Jaafarpour; Karim Maimanatnajad
Volume 69, Issue 233 , January 0, Pages 141-160
Abstract
Safina-yi Tabriz (721-723 AH),compiled by Abu'l Majd Muhammad Ben Mas'ud Tabrizi, reflector cultural, scientific and literary situation of Tabriz in the sixth century to the eighth century. This exquisite work is the first book that refers to the location of Khaghani's residence in Tabriz. It Quoted ...
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Safina-yi Tabriz (721-723 AH),compiled by Abu'l Majd Muhammad Ben Mas'ud Tabrizi, reflector cultural, scientific and literary situation of Tabriz in the sixth century to the eighth century. This exquisite work is the first book that refers to the location of Khaghani's residence in Tabriz. It Quoted from the book of O'Malley by Amin haji bolh (Baleh) Tabrizi (d. 720 AH). Based on the text of the Safina, Khaghani's house in Tabriz was located in the old square area. The purpose of this article is to answer Professor Shafiee Kadkani's recommendations in his article, find information about the old square, and the location of Sayn-Din alley in present structure of Tabriz. Based on the results, old square of Tabriz was located in Mahad-mahin neighbourhood next to the historical Ostad-Shagerd mosque. The research methodology in this article is fieldwork and analytic is based on the documentation library.
Mohammad Mahdipour; Ahmad Farshbafeian; Mohammad Reza Abedi; Hosain Hasanzadeh
Volume 69, Issue 233 , January 0, Pages 161-180
Abstract
Shahnameh the symbol of the Iranian unity is the terrestrial-humanity book which none of the components of biological needs of human being is not forgotten in it. This sega is the biggest Iranian cultural resentation in the following several hundred years of spread of intellectual battle with thinking ...
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Shahnameh the symbol of the Iranian unity is the terrestrial-humanity book which none of the components of biological needs of human being is not forgotten in it. This sega is the biggest Iranian cultural resentation in the following several hundred years of spread of intellectual battle with thinking top and arab policy of racial prejudice that could make national ancient stories in verse and offered the most important nation cultural capital of Iranian to humanity.the structure of this Sega is designed in such a way that it is not possible to ignore its collectivity of the terms of a utopia and also it seems that it is impossible to apart the spirit of Islamic philosophy from it. The big importance of the Iranian Sega is in the How to site wars and many components of hard war and soft war and multiple ways of confronting with the enemy psychological warfare is seen in this great work . this research is going to review and analysis one of the most famous psychological warfare of Rostam with Ashkbous Koshani according to techniques of soft war which matches the definitions of contemporary scholars at home and abroad and also analysis enjoying frequency ancient civilization owners of pre-islamic iran through the best practices and aggressive defense.
Ali Reza Mahmoudi; Fatameh Rashaki
Volume 69, Issue 233 , January 0, Pages 181-199
Abstract
Synesthesia is one of artistic and rhetorical techniques used to make speech beautiful and effective. This figure of speech, which is sometimes categorized under rhetorical system, and sometimes within the scope of linguistic and grammatical issues is regarded as one important factor behind beauty, defamiliarization ...
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Synesthesia is one of artistic and rhetorical techniques used to make speech beautiful and effective. This figure of speech, which is sometimes categorized under rhetorical system, and sometimes within the scope of linguistic and grammatical issues is regarded as one important factor behind beauty, defamiliarization and attention- grabing in a poem. Nasrollah Mardani is the most prominent contemporary revolution poet. The present research, which is conducted to better identify features of contemporary persian poet, assuming synesthesia to be an important factor in the beauty and effectiveness of Nasrollah Mardani poems, attempts to provide an answer to this fundamental question analytically and descriptively that based on what principles is the application of synesthesia in the poems of this poet? To this aim, synesthesia in three forms: rhetorical, grammatical and typical was investigated in their poem. The results of this research besides having variety in the structure and function of synesthesia in Nasrollah Mardani,s poems, indicate that synesthesia is one of the key elements of figures of speech in the poems of these poet and enjoy a high status in their poets effectiveness.
Yadoollah Nasroollahi; Atefe Jangali
Volume 69, Issue 233 , January 0, Pages 201-218
Abstract
different areas and diverse perspectives have discussed around it. This paper, drawing upon related sources and using the psychological criticism and psychoanalysis, presents a new reading about this story. Psychological analysis and criticism of the story of Rostam and Sohrab deals with issues such ...
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different areas and diverse perspectives have discussed around it. This paper, drawing upon related sources and using the psychological criticism and psychoanalysis, presents a new reading about this story. Psychological analysis and criticism of the story of Rostam and Sohrab deals with issues such as anima, matriarchy, and the Oedipus Complex and the Irresponsibility Complex that are all the fundamental terms of Psychology and Psychoanalysis. At first, the paper examines the relationship between Tahmineh and anima, then links it with matriarchy in the context of history. Using psychological sources, it proves its own view. Then drawing on psychological criticism it studies the father and son conflict through the battle of Rostam and Sohrab, and discusses thematic and narrative similarities in other cultures. Eventually, drawing on the Irresponsibility Complex after the tricky victory of Rostam following Sohrab’s slaying that makes him guilty and inefficient, the paper attempts to foster and nurture champions like Siavash, Kkhosrow and Bahman in order form him to relieve and heal this feeling. This article has been written based on the views of three psychologists (Freud, Jung and Adler) and benefitted from a comparative method and comparative analysis and obtained the documents from the library and taking notes.
