Document Type : علمی- پژوهشی
Authors
1 Group of Persian Languag & Literature, University of Kurdistan, sanandaj, Iran
2 Master's student of the Department of Persian Language and Literature, University of Kurdistan
Abstract
Literary discourse analysis refers to the analysis of linguistic and meta-linguistic data of a literary text to reach different concepts and interpretations. This research, in a descriptive-analytical way, has investigated and analyzed the novel The Marde gereftar from the perspective of analyzing its ruling discourse. The necessity of conducting this research is that it shows that the literary text is not only linguistic and aesthetic data, and it is possible to obtain different interpretations and perceptions of it through linguistic and meta-linguistic data. This research was done in a descriptive and analytical way and based on library sources. In terms of discourse, this story can be classified into three parts: dominant discourse, new discourse and failure of new discourse. The discourse of power, by monotonizing language and society and suppressing dialogue and other communication, takes a step towards expanding power and consolidating it as much as possible, which itself has a great impact on the construction of society and homogenous subjects. Finally, since no discourse can fully establish itself, a new discourse emerges in opposition to the prevailing discourse, which is represented by the first character of the story. By producing a new discourse, one of the essentials of which is a new identity, the subject finds a new identity and gradually the previous discourse is marginalized.
Highlights
Representation of the discourse of power and the position of the subject in the novel The Trapped Man by Mahmoud Kianoosh
Hiva Hassanpour
Assistant Professor, Department of Language and Literature, University of Kurdistan, Sanandaj, Iran (Corresponding Author)
Touraj Khosravi Shabani
Master's student at the Department of Persian Language and Literature, University of Kurdistan, Sanandaj, Iran
Date of sending: 16/6/1401 Accepted date: 25/10/1401
Introduction
Discourse analysis is the analysis of the text and the visible and hidden features that have formed their own meaning and form according to the structure and arrangement of the elements. This research is important because it analyzes concepts and aspects of communication and relationships by analyzing discourses and for this it uses the theories and analyses of experts. The purpose of this type of research, apart from the use and application of analytical methods of literary works, is to achieve a specific perspective for the analysis of texts. Because the wide scope of this field and its application and function in any text in a general sense has provided the ground for various quantitative and qualitative researches and the previous study can understand and receive more and more about it. to the topic and other categories related to it. In a descriptive-analytical way, this research has investigated and analyzed the novel The Trapped Man in terms of analyzing its ruling discourse. The purpose of this research is to show that the literary text is not only linguistic and aesthetic data, and it can be interpreted and interpreted differently through linguistic and meta-linguistic data. In terms of discourse, this story can be divided into three categories: the dominant discourse, the new discourse, and the failure of the new discourse. The discourse of power, by monotonizing language and society and suppressing dialogue and other communication, takes a step towards expanding power and consolidating it as much as possible, which has itself in the construction of society and many homogeneous subjects. Finally, since no discourse can fully establish itself, in opposition to the dominant discourse, a new discourse emerges, represented by the first character of the story. With the production of the discourse, one of the requirements of which is a new identity, the subject finds a new identity and goes to the margins of the previous new discourse.
Research background and theoretical foundations
According to the search of the authors in the databases, no direct background was found that analyzed the discourse of the novel Mard Ghagrat within the limits of the present research. In this novel, in the books: Hundred Years of Iranian Storytelling (pp. 348 and 622), Propositions in Contemporary Iranian Literature (pp. 164) and some other sources, there are materials that only introduce books. The position of the author is discussed in the historical course of novel writing in contemporary Iranian literature. In order to know more about the discourse, it is necessary to get acquainted with the stages of the emergence of this concept in the social context, as well as its historical course and application in different fields. The term discourse analysis was first used in 1952 in an article by the famous English linguist Zelick Harris. Michel Foucault, Ernesto Laclau and Chantal Mouffe, David Howarth, Norman Fairclough, Sarah Mills, Arthur Asaberger are among those who have played a prominent role in the field of discourse analysis and related theories. Foucault gives his own opinions about the discourse and in contrast to the Marxist ideas and the definitions and concepts that have become popular, he puts other opinions in this field. In Foucault's thought, discourse is a concept that is shaped by power and power is exercised through it.
Discussion and review
From the beginning of using discourse analysis and its expansion, we can mention the depth and richness that it gives to the text and research, as well as the unsaid and unsaid results of the text by explaining and interpreting the meanings and intertextual links. reveals The field of discourse belongs to linguists and includes non-linguistics as well. For this reason, it cannot be reduced to language. In this research, the relationships between language, power, hegemony and ideology have been analyzed in an analysis and the special formulations of each have been interpreted at different levels of social practice, discourse practice and text. Also, characters and actions, narrative discourse, discourse of power, power and subject, power and identity are each examined in one section according to the text, and at the end, one of the dialogues of the story is analyzed. In each of the reviewed cases, another understanding and reception of the text has been obtained, which is not visible at first glance, and the analyzes carried out in the context of the text, in terms of discourse, provide the reader with another reading that he receives along with himself. slow down From is, introduces.
conclusion
The discourse of power, which in this novel is of the type of domination, by monotonizing language and society and suppressing dialogue and other communications, takes steps towards expanding power and consolidating it as much as possible, and also in building society and homogeneous subjects. Is. There are many that can be classified in one group. The works and signs of the power of the dominant discourse in the language of the subjects represent the ideas and also the subjects themselves in its reproduction, which causes its further stabilization and comprehensive legitimacy, play a fundamental role. But since a discourse cannot establish itself completely, another discourse may arise in opposition to it and push the dominant discourse to the sidelines. In the gap between these discourses, there are subjects who find a new identity by making decisions between these gaps. The hero in this story, with a new discourse and confrontation with the dominant discourse, creates distance from the forest society, takes a new look at the field that the dominant discourse tries to neutralize with its hegemony. It has its marginalization. The place in this story, due to its special implications, It is only in the forest that it maintains its dominance.
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