Sufism and Mysticism
Taqi Poornamdarian; Elaheh Bayat Zarand
Abstract
Symbols are powerful images that articulate a set of cultural and mythological concepts in certain semantic clusters. These clusters produced through creative literary processes constitute a part of our cultural memory. One of the symbols is Simurgh that was generated in the pre-Islamic Persian texts ...
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Symbols are powerful images that articulate a set of cultural and mythological concepts in certain semantic clusters. These clusters produced through creative literary processes constitute a part of our cultural memory. One of the symbols is Simurgh that was generated in the pre-Islamic Persian texts and continued to remain in the cultural memory of the post-Islamic Iran. It has continued in the form of new articulations in Persian poetry and mysticism. These multiple articulations show that Simurgh in the Iranian culture has become a central signifier. Thus, an intertextual re-reading of the signifieds encoded in it can make the tradition of mythological and symbolic thought in the Iranian universe comprehensible for the new generation. Accordingly, by drawing on textual evidence from both the pre-Islamic and post-Islamic body of literature and by adopting the technique of close reading, the present paper makes an attempt to shed light on the rich symbolism of this bird in order to explore its semantic developments throughout the history. Moreover, it discusses how and why these semantic turns have taken place. On this basis, the present paper makes an attempt to answer this question: What is the difference between Simurgh in the pre-Islamic and post-Islamic literary texts and what creative manipulations in its form and content have taken place over time?
Sufism and Mysticism
reza aghayarizahed; naser nikoubakht; hoseinali ghobadi; saied bozorgbighdeli
Abstract
After the composition of the great work of Molavi called “Masnavi”, different explanations have been proposed for it by different scholars through the pass of time. Currently we can observe the viewpoints of different literary writers and through comparing their views we can understand ...
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After the composition of the great work of Molavi called “Masnavi”, different explanations have been proposed for it by different scholars through the pass of time. Currently we can observe the viewpoints of different literary writers and through comparing their views we can understand that: up to now there have been very varied outlooks towards the verses in Masnavi in explanations approaches utilized by the different thought schools. As we investigated about the word “Rostam” known as one of the six symbols of the myths proposed in descriptions of Masnavi, proposed by Forouzanfar, Shahidi, Jaafari, Estelami, Zamani, and Golbinarly we found the response for the question that what was the outlook of those who explained Masnavi encountering myth symbols. Although in Masnavi, Rostam is often known as a complete humane sample because he is believed to be a national hero and Malavi has put him next to Imam Ali (PBUH) and Hamzeh, prophet’s uncle, the results of studies show that the explaining scholars have noticed the role of myth symbols only partially and they have not mentioned anything about the mythology history of Rostam. They have translated the verses related to Rostam colloquially and did not considered the myth and mystic characteristics of him. On the whole they have ignored to refer Rostam as an epic hero which the symbol of a complete human in the thoughts of Molavi.
Ali Akbar Sam Khaniani; Mustafa Malek Paein
Volume 65, Issue 226 , January 0, , Pages 23-47
Abstract
The Story of Lion and Cow in Kelile and Demne has a lot of literary beauties; applying different literary criticisms and various meaningful readings in the context of this story, one can determine the aesthetic factors and their effects on the readers. One the most efficient literary criticism in this ...
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The Story of Lion and Cow in Kelile and Demne has a lot of literary beauties; applying different literary criticisms and various meaningful readings in the context of this story, one can determine the aesthetic factors and their effects on the readers. One the most efficient literary criticism in this regard is the mythical criticism. This study tries to analyze the Story of Lion and Cow in Kelile and Demne based on the Theory of Jung regarding Archetypes and Symbols, and its integration with the Northrop Fry Theory about the mitoses forming a literary work. To do this, after explaining the theoretical framework and method of this study, the symbols and archetypes of different parts of this story would be analyzed applying mythical analysis; then their relations with mitoses forming that part would be expressed. The Story of Lion and Cow in Kelile and Demne has a lot of literary beauties; applying different literary criticisms and various meaningful readings in the context of this story, one can determine the aesthetic factors and their effects on the readers. One the most efficient literary criticism in this regard is the mythical criticism. This study tries to analyze the Story of Lion and Cow in Kelile and Demne based on the Theory of Jung regarding Archetypes and Symbols, and its integration with the Northrop Fry Theory about the mitoses forming a literary work. To do this, after explaining the theoretical framework and method of this study, the symbols and archetypes of different parts of this story would be analyzed applying mythical analysis; then their relations with mitoses forming that part would be expressed. The Story of Lion and Cow in Kelile and Demne has a lot of literary beauties; applying different literary criticisms and various meaningful readings in the context of this story, one can determine the aesthetic factors and their effects on the readers. One the most efficient literary criticism in this regard is the mythical criticism. This study tries to analyze the Story of Lion and Cow in Kelile and Demne based on the Theory of Jung regarding Archetypes and Symbols, and its integration with the Northrop Fry Theory about the mitoses forming a literary work. To do this, after explaining the theoretical framework and method of this study, the symbols and archetypes of different parts of this story would be analyzed applying mythical analysis; then their relations with mitoses forming that part would be expressed.
