Document Type : علمی- پژوهشی

Authors

• arezu pooryazdanpanah ¹
• zeinab sheikhhosseini ²

¹ Assistant Professor of Persian Language and Literature/ Yazd University, Iran

² Assistant Professor of Persian Language and Literature / Narjes University/Rafsanjan, Iran

Abstract

The dragon palace, the first volume of the Giants of Persia and I by Arman Arian, is the first mythical novel and one of the most successful examples of Persian teenage novels. The relationship between this novel and ancient Persian texts and Iranian cultural heritage is in reflection. The purpose of this research is to show the textual relation between the novel of the Dragon Palace and the earlier texts by descriptive-analytic method. For this purpose, the more textual approach, one of the cornerstones of the theory of the Gertratt-Genette theory, was chosen as the theoretical framework for this essay. In more text, any textual effects from another text are examined. The relations between texts in more than text, should not be of the same type of interpretation and interpretation, but the admissibility of the texts is the criterion. The findings of the research indicate the widespread connection between the dragon house novel and its predecessors, especially the Shahnameh. This relationship is based on the components of the more textual, more of a kind than the same kind of as the tragedy; However, all three processes of traction, namely displacement, increase, and decrease, are observed in this effect, among which the process of reduction is more frequent.

Highlights

An Analysis of the Hypertextuality Relationships in Dragon Palace with the Old Textual Heritage

Arezu pooryazdanpanah Kermani[1]

Zeinab Sheikhhoseini[2]

Abstract

Dragon Palace, the first volume of the trilogy of Persians and I by Arman Aryan, is the first mythical novel and one of the most successful examples of Persian teenage novels. The relationship between this novel and ancient Persian texts and Iranian cultural heritage is in reflection. The purpose of this research is to show the textual relation between the novel of the Dragon Palace and the earlier texts by descriptive-analytic method.For this purpose, the hypertextuality approach, one of the cornerstones of the theory of the Transtextualite, Genette’s theory, was chosen as the theoretical framework for this essay. In hypertextuality, any textual effects from another text are examined. The relations between texts in hypertextuality should not be of the same type as interpretation, but the admissibility of the texts is the criterion. The findings of the research indicate the widespread connection between the Dragon Palace novel and its predecessors, especially the Shahnameh. This relationship is based on the components of the hypertextuality more of a kind than the same kind of as the transformation; However, all three processes of transformation, namely displacement, increase, and decrease, are observed in this effect, among which the process of reduction is more frequent.

Key words: Hypertextuality, Gerard Genette, Dragon Palace, Similarity, Transformation.

1. 1.      Introduction

The term intertextuality came into the literature in the 1960s.Julia Kristeva coined the term for the first time and provided a new approach to literary and art theory and criticism. According to Kristeva, the authors do not create their texts with the help of their original minds, but compile them using pre-existing texts.Gerard Genet is one of the post-Christian constructivists who has explored the relationships between texts with texts more widely and systematically.On textual references, he defines the broader concept of Christianity's intertextuality as "transtextualite" and below, it identifies five categories of relationships and factors involved in receiving and receiving texts: Intertextuality, Paratextualite, Metatextualite, Arcitextualite and Hypertextualite.The Dragon Palace Novel is the first volume of the Trilogy of Persians and I by Arman Aryan successful examples of a teenage Persian novel.The Dragon Palace is considered to be the first mythical novel to relate to earlier texts.The following questions will be answered in this article:

What kind of hypertextualite is there in the Dragon Palace?

Which of the earlier texts has the most connection with the Dragon Palace?

1. 2.      Discussion

In hypertextualite, the effect of one text on another is examined, not its presence. Avestan texts, Pahlavi texts, ancient Iranian history and Shahnameh are the texts of the novels of the Dragon Palace; In hypertextualite, Genette's approach is to form literature in which there is a relation between 'A' and 'conscious' and 'B' texts.Accordingly, the relationship between the Dragon Palace novel and the earlier texts is a conscious and demanding one;Arman Arian has written this work for the purpose of writing the first Persian mythical novel and has pursued it in his subsequent works.By incorporating Iranian historical myths, he sought to help his teenage audiences understand and understand their national past and identity better.Since the relationship of the Dragon Palace with its earlier texts is of an interpretative type rather than an interpretation, it is a novel by Wagner's definition of hypertextualite Dragon Palace, with two aspects, one of which includes new material that Arian has based on ideas andhas written his own, without having seen them elsewhere, and his other side is based on pre-written material;

Arman Arian has used the similarity most of all in the Dragon Palace.The similarity in the Dragon Palace can be traced back to previous themes in terms of themes, events, personalities, and places.The second type of hypertextuality is metamorphosis, which, unlike the same type, is based on changes that involve changes from very low to very high.The transformation in the Dragon Palace is a kind of metaphorical transformation. The Dragon Palace has the most intertextual connection with the Shahnameh. The most important process of relocation is prose.Another type of displacement seen in the Dragon Palace story is narratives that recreate other stories.But this recreation is accompanied by changes.Excerpts and summaries are one of the most commonly used methods of reduction.This type of transformation has a high frequency in the Dragon Palace.

1. 3.      Conclusion

In this essay, the relevance of the Dragon Palace novel to earlier texts is examined.The study found that most of the texts used in the Dragon Palace were imitation, adaptation, re-creation, and rewriting, and in all of them, Arman Arian benefited from displacement, reduction, and enhancement.The share of the similarity is more than that of transformation.Adaptations and rewrites are accompanied by transformations, and these transformations fall into the category of trans-cultural transformations.Since the Dragon Palace has hypertextuality connection with the Shahnameh than most other texts, the most important process of translating it is to transform the prose into an epic narrative genre.In the process of converting ancient mythological narratives into novels, Arian combined them with extras that enhanced the story.

References

- Allen, Graham, (2001). Intertextuality , London: Routledge.

- Ahmadi, Babak, (2009), Text Structure and Interpretation, 11th Edition, Tehran: Center Publication.

- Arian, Arman, (1396), The Dragon Palace, Fifteenth Edition, Tehran: Moj.

-Burry, p (2002). Structuralism, Beginning Theory: an Introduction to literary and cultural Theory, Mancherter: Manchester University Press.

- Ferdowsi, Abolghasem, (2009), Shahnameh Based on Moscow, by Saeed Hamidian, Tehran: Drop.

-Genette, G (1997). Palimpsests: Literature in the Second Degree, Channa Newman and Claude Doubinsky, London: University of Nebraska Press.

- Kristova, Julia, (2010), Collective Individuality, Translated by MehrdadParsa, Tehran: Roozbehan.

- NamvarMotlagh, Bahman, (2011), An Introduction to Intertextuality, Theories and Applications, Tehran: Speech.

- Oshidari, Jahangir, (1371), Mazdisna Encyclopedia (Explanatory Word of Zoroastrianism), Tehran: Center Publication.

- Poordavood, Abraham, (2536), Yasht, Tehran: University of Tehran.

- Poordavood, Abraham, , (1389), Gats, the oldest part of Avesta, Tehran: Mythology.

- Pirnia, Hassan, (1373), Ancient Iran, Tehran: Science.

-Sokhanvar, Jalal-SabzianMoradabadi, Saeed, (2008), "Intertextuality in Petrochemical Novels", Journal of Humanities, No. 58, pp. 78-65.

Keywords

• hypertextuality
• Gerard Genette
• Dragon Palace
• Similarity
• Tragedy

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Main Subjects

• Fiction Literature