Lyrical and Didactic Literature
Faramarz Jalalat; Ebrahim Danesh
Abstract
Analysis of intertextual relationships of literary texts of different genres is a practical way of investigating the fusion or “coexistence” of literary types. Qaboosnameh and Nizami’s works as focal texts in Persian literature played a media role in transferring Iran's culture, literature, ...
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Analysis of intertextual relationships of literary texts of different genres is a practical way of investigating the fusion or “coexistence” of literary types. Qaboosnameh and Nizami’s works as focal texts in Persian literature played a media role in transferring Iran's culture, literature, and civilization. There is numerous intertextual evidence proving Qaboosnameh's influence on Nizami. One of the crucial signs of this influence is the intellectual and linguistic intrusion of Qaboosnameh in his works. The study of Nizami’s works and Qaboosnameh shows the importance of intertextual interactions in the coexistence of literary genres. This paper in a descriptive-analytical way has studied the intertextuality of Qaboosnameh and Nizami’s works offering evidence and concluding that intertextual interactions indicate the coexistence of different literary types clearly. Both Onsorolma?ali and Nizami were aware of the coexistence of literary genres and established a dialogue between literary genres and works in this way. In Qaboosnameh, in addition to some lyric and epic chapters, there are lyric and epic elements within didactic materials. Nizami has benefited from didactic elements as an inseparable part of his non-didactic works based on the text and situation. One of its prominent examples is the insertion of "Andarznameh" in lyric and epic works, especially in the continuation of "Saghinameh". The high frequency of implicit and explicit intertextuality indicates Nizami’s genius and creativity in applying former prose heritage, especially Qaboosnameh. He has covered this precious heritage of rhythm, rhyme, and imagery to enrich his works' content, semantic dilation, textual cohesion, and artistic appeal.
Lyrical and Didactic Literature
Assadollah Vahed; Meisam Jafarian
Abstract
Perhaps there is no text like Divan-I Hafiz in which the author himself makes so much changes in it. In fact the main variants is the work of the poet himself who has developed the poem to literal and spiritual perfection. If we want to make a meaningful relationship between poetical aspects of Hafiz ...
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Perhaps there is no text like Divan-I Hafiz in which the author himself makes so much changes in it. In fact the main variants is the work of the poet himself who has developed the poem to literal and spiritual perfection. If we want to make a meaningful relationship between poetical aspects of Hafiz that is to say short of words, exemplifications in speech, the broken form of discourse, resemblances of the poet with predecessors and his contemporaries, the hypothesis that Hafiz has had frequent studies on others steady works is reinforced. Sometimes his variant transcriptions in his poems exist exactly in past literary texts and sometimes the difference in the transcriptions is at the result of different scientific sources which Hafiz has refered to them and meditated in them. As if, it is probable that one of the creative factors of this different variants is because of the Hafiz research texts themselves. Searching in intertextualities of Hafiz poems make it possible for reader the reasonable understanding of Hafiz mind and language and also the scientific and critical edition of his poem. Up until now, the Hagia Sophia manuscript -copied in 1410 AD- and the Khalkhali manuscript -copied in 1424 AD- have been considered as two head / base-text in the valid editions of the Divan-I Hafiz, By introduction and publishing facsimile edition of Noor Uthmaniya Library manuscript -copied in 1398-99 AD, it seems to be necessary the critical review / edition of this manuscript's readings compared to existing ones
mohammad ghafourifar; Alireza Hosseyni
Volume 70, Issue 236 , December 2017, , Pages 167-187
Abstract
Intertextuality is the result of the linguistic approach from the field of new critique in literature and it means looking at existing relationships between texts which creates new text and knows any literary text as a way of absorbing and transforming various texts in the past or at the same time. In ...
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Intertextuality is the result of the linguistic approach from the field of new critique in literature and it means looking at existing relationships between texts which creates new text and knows any literary text as a way of absorbing and transforming various texts in the past or at the same time. In the twentieth century, "Julia Kristeva", a French critic, presented this theory and was highly regarded by the critics. Although the term has been raised in the new critique, this phenomenon, with all its forms, has long been used in Persian literature, especially in folk literature and the most common form of this phenomenon is the reflection of the function of verses, vocabulary and meanings of the Holy Quran in a wide and different way in folk allusion which can only be achieved to its beauty by matching the theory of intertextuality. The present research is attempting to examine the types of inter-metamorphic Qur'anic verses with folk allusion with descriptive-analytic method, to be emphasized on the unbreakable bond of Islamic culture with Iranian interlaced literature. The results of the research show that folk allusion sometimes consider the words, the themes, the Qur'anic titles, as well as the characters and historical events as its inspiration, and the most intertextuality Quranic form used in the allegories is in the form of parallel negation (Amtsas).