Document Type : علمی- پژوهشی

Authors

• Abdolahad Gheibi ¹
• Hasan Esmailzade ²
• Fereshteh Asghari ³

¹ Associated professor/Arabic Language & Literature. Azarbaijan Shahid Madani University.Tabriz,Iran

² Assistant professor/,Arabic Language & Literature. Azarbaijan Shahid Madani University

³ Student of Arabic translation,/ University of Mohaghegh Ardabili

Abstract

  Mohamad Hossein Shahriyar, a renowned poet of Iran, and Gibran Khalil Gibran, a famous poet and writer of Lebanese literature are amongst those wrtiers who, in the contemporary world, are more associated with literary Romanticism. However, in the context of life, mystical tendencies are more highlighted in their works. Although Shahriyar was a Muslim and Gibran a Christian, significant common mystical concepts, symbols, and expressions can be seen in their works. The present research seeks to study the mystical thoughts and tendencies of these two well-known men of Literature by employing some mystical concepts such as true and virtual love, unity of being, mystic prayers, submission and contentment, love, intuition, praise and sincerity, as well as the application of some mystical symbols such as night and day, fire and butterflies, wine, morning and night, and light intertextually to illustrate the genius and literary ingenuity of these two well-known scholars who employed vocabulary in an artistic combination

Highlights

Mystical Commonalities in the Poems of Mohammad Hossein Shahriar and the Works of Gibran Khalil Gibran

Abdolahad Gheibi

Associate professor, Azarbaijan Shahid Madani University

Hasan Esmailzade

Assistant professor, Azarbaijan Shahid Madani University

Fereshteh Asghari

Student of Arabic Translation, University of Mohaghegh Ardabili

Abstract

Mohamad Hossein Shahriyar, a renowned poet of Iran, and Gibran Khalil Gibran, a famous poet and writer of Lebanese literature are amongst those wrtiers who, in the contemporary world, are more associated with literary Romanticism.However, in the context of life,mystical tendencies are more highlighted in their works. Although Shahriyar was a Muslim and Gibran a Christian,significant common mystical concepts, symbols, and expressions can be seen in their works. The present research seeks to study the mystical thoughts and tendencies of these two well-known men of literature by employing some mystical concepts such as true and virtual love, unity of being,mystic prayers, submission and contentment, love, intuition, praise and sincerity, as well as the application of some mystical symbols such as night and day, fire and butterflies, wine, morning and night, and light intertextually to illustrate the genius and literary ingenuity of these two well-known scholars who employed vocabulary in an artistic combination.    

Keywords: Mohammad Hossein Shahriar,Gibran Khalil Gibran,Love, Mysticism.

The Article[f1] 

Love and mysticism are two inseparable categories that have penetrated into the works of many prominent poets of the world.Love and mysticism are, in fact, the flow of the spirit of meaning in the human body and the attainment of the transcendental spirit and purification of the human soul captured by the earthly body. Sufism and Mysticism are subjects that have attracted the attention of some poets from a long time ago[f2] . Mohammad Hossein Shahriar and Gibran Khalil Gibran are also among those who, with their internal purity, have relied on this path, so that the traces of mysticism are clearly evident in their works.They are literary men who have stepped in the path of the whirlwind of love and mysticism, and endured the hardships of this bold way, trying to polish their soul and spirit.The purpose of mysticism in this study is not the analysis of a particular mystical school or ritualism, but those which contain mystical attitudes and thoughts which have been mixed with the personal experiences of these two poets being influenced by mysticism, idioms, and Sufi thoughts as found in the context of their works. Being under the influence of the great concepts of the Holy Quran, the school of mysticism of Hafez, and other oriental mystics, Shahriyar explains his mystical principles in his poems.And, Gibran Khalil Gibran, being familiar with the revelations in the Torah, the Gospel, and the Quran, has depicted his mystic tendencies in accordance with the ideas propounded in the mystical schools of the East and the West.Gibran Khalil Gibran and Mohammad Hossein Shahriar have always been considered by scholars due to their worldwide fame and the influence they have had in the contemporary literature. In this regard, valuable research has been conducted in relation to their works and thoughts.The present study, carried out in the light of the American school of comparative literature, concerns itself with an analysis of the two volumes of poetry by Shahriar and eleven poetical works by Gibran Khalil Gibran, looking at common concepts, terms, and symbols in their works and then comparing and analyzing them.

Conclusion

The mystical themes and terms in the works of the two poets and literary men, Shahriyar and Gibran, are in harmony with the inner desires of man and Divine essence.The unitary worldview that both poets believe in is the principle of the unity of existence, which sees all the components of the world as the manifestation of God's sacred traits and the realm of the full view of Beauty.According to them, neglecting oneself and avoiding God are the causes of all spiritual crises; and, the source of the desires and lust, which is cumbersome for contemporary man, and the way out of it, will not be possible, except by seeking refuge in the realm of spirituality.Love is the foundation and the cornerstone of the mystical thoughts of Shahriyar and Gibran, love that leads them to the eternal God and connects to the infinite Essence.The love of both poets is associated with enthusiasm and eagerness, and both consider love as eternal and endless.Shahriyar and Gibran praise the pure love and love everything that is there in the creation; they see the mysterious side of the creatures and the Nature and see the Truth behind them and endure the unbelievers and the tribulations of gaining understanding and knowledge.

References

The Holy Quran

Bahjat Tabrizi (Shahriar), S. M. H., 1994. Divan of Shahriar. Vol. I. 13^th Ed.Tehran: Neghah and Zarrin.

Bahjat Tabrizi (Shahriar),S. M. H., 1994. Divan of Shahriar. Vol. II. 13^th Ed.Tehran: Neghah and Zarrin.

Chittick, W., 2005. Sufi way of love. Trans. Mehdi Sarreshtedari.Tehran: Mehrandish.

Khalil Gibran, G., 2013.Rebellious spirits. Beirut: Noafel.

Khalil Gibran, G.,2013. Music. Beirut: Noafel.

Khalil Gibran, G.,2000. The Prophet. Trans. Servat Okasheh.Lebanon: Dar al-Nahar.

Khalil Gibran, G.,1999.Sand and Foam. Trans. by Servat Okasheh. Cairo: Dar Alsharouq.

Khalil Gibran, G.,2017.Araeso Almoroj. 1^st Ed. Beirut: Dar al-Masriyah.

Khalil Gibran, G.,1999. Jesus, The son of man. Trans. by Servat Okasheh.Cairo: Dar Alsharouq.

Khalil Gibran, G.,2006.The love letters of a prophet. Trans. Arash Hejazi. Tehran: Karvan.

Sajjadi, S. J.,2005.Dictionary of mystical terms and expressions. 7^th Ed. Tehran: Tahmouri.

Ghazali, M. M., 2006.Ehyee Olome Aldden.Trans. Muid al-Din Muhammad Kharazmi (in an effort by Hossein Khadio Jam). Tehran: Scientific and Cultural Publishing.

Kavian Pour, A., 1997.Literary and social life of Professor Shahriar. 1^st Ed. Tehran: Iqbal.

Carbon, H., 2012.Creative imagination in the mysticism of Ibn 'Arabi.Trans. 'Anshaullah Rahmati. 2^nd Ed. Tehran: Jami.

Najm al-Din Kobra, A. A., 1985. Osool Alashrat. Trans. (and Illustration) Abdul Ghafoor Lari  and Najib Melli Heravi. Tehran: Molavi.

Shahriar Chicken Paradise, 2008. 2^nd Ed. Tehran: Nashr-e-Saleh.

Keywords

• Mohammad Hossein Shahriar
• Gibran Khalil Gibran
• Love
• Mysticism

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Main Subjects

• Contemporary Poetry of Iran