Qurʾanic Allusions in the Letters of ʿAyn al‑Quḍāt

Articles in Press

Document Type : Research article

Authors

1 Professor of Persian Language and Literature, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, Iran

2 Assistant Professor of Persian Language and Literature Department of University of Tabriz.Iran

3 PhD Student in Persian Language and Literature, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, Iran

10.22034/perlit.2026.71184.3925

Abstract

In the early years following the pass away of the Prophet of Islam, Muslims generally devoted their efforts to the comprehensive preservation of the Qur’an, particularly its outward form. However, a number of factors rendered this endeavor only partially successful. Among the most significant of these factors were differences in Qur’anic readings (qirāʾāt) employed to justify interpretation and exegesis, attempts to harmonize the text with the grammatical rules of the Arabic language, efforts to enhance the rhetorical and miraculous aspects of the Qur’an, and the absence of vowel signs, diacritical marks, and consonantal differentiation in early Arabic script. The emergence of the fourteen canonical Qur’anic readings may be regarded as one indication of the incomplete realization of this objective.
Since no text—even sacred texts—remains entirely immune from change and intervention over the course of time, certain modifications to the Qur’anic text, supported by specific rationales, occurred among particular intellectual and ideological groups. Mystics and Sufis constitute one such group. Among their prominent figures is ʿAyn al-Quḍāt Hamadānī, whose unconventional engagement with the Qur’anic text is grounded not only in intellectual and spiritual foundations—of which taʾwīl (esoteric interpretation) forms an integral part—but also in aesthetic, intuitive, and rhetorical considerations.

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Main Subjects

Persian Language and Literature

Articles in Press, Accepted Manuscript
Available Online from 09 March 2026

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History

  • Receive Date: 14 January 2026
  • Revise Date: 21 February 2026
  • Accept Date: 14 February 2026
  • Publish Date: 09 March 2026

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